COMPANY·HISTORIES
NAIC 523120

Securities Brokerage

How the companies in this industry began, and the forces that shaped them.

18companies1899–2000founding years16still active2no longer operating
§ 01

The industry over time

Companies foundedEconomyTechnologyEnvironment
FoundedGrupo Financiero Banorte, S.A. de C.V.FoundedGrupo Financiero Banorte, S.A. de C.V.
1899
1903
TechnologyThe Wright brothers achieve powered flight.
1908
TechnologyThe Ford Model T brings the automobile to the middle class.
1913
EconomyThe Federal Reserve is created.
1914
EconomyWorld War I begins; global trade reorders.
1929
EconomyThe stock market crashes; the Great Depression begins.
1933
EconomyNew Deal reforms reshape banking and industry.
1939
EconomyWorld War II begins; wartime production surges.
1945
EconomyThe war ends; a long postwar expansion begins.
1947
TechnologyThe transistor is invented at Bell Labs.
1956
EconomyThe Interstate Highway program remakes commerce.
1958
TechnologyThe integrated circuit is demonstrated.
1962
EnvironmentSilent Spring launches the modern environmental movement.
FoundedRyan Beck & Co., Inc.FoundedRyan Beck & Co., Inc.
1965
1970
EnvironmentThe EPA is founded; environmental regulation expands.
1971
EconomyThe dollar leaves the gold standard; Nasdaq opens.
1973
EconomyThe OPEC oil embargo triggers a global shock.
1975
TechnologyThe personal-computer era begins with the Altair.
1979
EconomyA second oil crisis drives inflation higher.
1981
TechnologyThe IBM PC launches and sets a standard.
FoundedE*Trade Financial CorporationFoundedE*Trade Financial CorporationFoundedInvestcorp SAFoundedInvestcorp SA
1982
1984
TechnologyApple ships the Macintosh; the GUI era begins.
FoundedBear Stearns Companies, Inc.FoundedBear Stearns Companies, Inc.
1985
1987
EconomyBlack Monday: markets fall 22% in a single day.
1991
TechnologyThe World Wide Web is released to the public.
1993
TechnologyThe Mosaic browser brings the web to everyone.
FoundedKnight Trading Group, Inc.FoundedKnight Trading Group, Inc.
1995
TechnologyWindows 95 launches; the internet goes mainstream.
FoundedFriedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc.FoundedFriedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc.
1996
1997
EconomyThe Asian financial crisis rattles global markets.
EnvironmentThe Kyoto Protocol sets the first climate targets.
FoundedSanders Morris Harris Group Inc.FoundedSanders Morris Harris Group Inc.
1999
EconomyGlass-Steagall repeal reshapes American banking.
FoundedAviva PLCFoundedAviva PLC
2000
EconomyThe dot-com bubble bursts.
2001
EconomyThe September 11 attacks; a recession follows.
2004
TechnologySocial media and Web 2.0 begin to take hold.
2007
TechnologyThe iPhone launches the smartphone era.
2008
EconomyThe global financial crisis freezes credit.
2010
TechnologyCloud computing goes mainstream for business.
2015
EnvironmentThe Paris Agreement sets global climate targets.
2020
EconomyThe COVID-19 pandemic upends the global economy.
2022
EconomyInflation spikes; central banks raise rates sharply.
2023
TechnologyGenerative AI reaches mainstream business use.
§ 02

The companies

Grupo Financiero Banorte, S.A. de C.V. →
Active · founded 1899 · Mexico
Grupo Financiero Banorte, S.A.
Grupo Financiero Banorte, S.A. de C.V. →
Active · founded 1899 · Mexico
Grupo Financiero Banorte, S.A.
Ryan Beck & Co., Inc. →
Active · founded 1965
Ryan Beck & Co., Inc.
Ryan Beck & Co., Inc. →
Active · founded 1965
Ryan Beck & Co., Inc.
E*Trade Financial Corporation →
Active · founded 1982
E*Trade Financial Corporation operates as a diversified financial services holding company.
E*Trade Financial Corporation →
Active · founded 1982
E*Trade Financial Corporation operates as a diversified financial services holding company.
Investcorp SA →
Active · founded 1982 · Bahrain
Investcorp SA is a globally operating investment group with offices in Bahrain, London, and New York.
Investcorp SA →
Active · founded 1982 · Bahrain
Investcorp SA is a globally operating investment group with offices in Bahrain, London, and New York.
Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. →
Active · founded 1985
Bear Stearns Companies, Inc., the holding company that owns Bear, Stearns & Company, Inc., was created on October 29,…
Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. →
Active · founded 1985
Bear Stearns Companies, Inc., the holding company that owns Bear, Stearns & Company, Inc., was created on October 29,…
Knight Trading Group, Inc. →
Defunct · founded 1995
Based in Jersey City, New Jersey, Knight Trading Group, Inc.
Knight Trading Group, Inc. →
Defunct · founded 1995
Based in Jersey City, New Jersey, Knight Trading Group, Inc.
Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. →
Active · founded 1996
Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc.
Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc. →
Active · founded 1996
Friedman, Billings, Ramsey Group, Inc.
Sanders Morris Harris Group Inc. →
Active · founded 1999
Sanders Morris Harris Group Inc.
Sanders Morris Harris Group Inc. →
Active · founded 1999
Sanders Morris Harris Group Inc.
Aviva PLC →
Active · founded 2000 · United Kingdom
The product of multiple mergers, Aviva PLC is the United Kingdom's largest insurance and financial services group and…
Aviva PLC →
Active · founded 2000 · United Kingdom
The product of multiple mergers, Aviva PLC is the United Kingdom's largest insurance and financial services group and…
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