COMPANY·HISTORIES
NAIC 52231

Mortgage and Other Loan Brokers

How the companies in this industry began, and the forces that shaped them.

21companies1850–2000founding years21still active0no longer operating
§ 01

The industry over time

Companies foundedEconomyTechnologyEnvironmentHistory
FoundedEmigrant Savings Bank
1850
FoundedNorthern Rock plc
1860
FoundedApple Bank for Savings
1863
FoundedLloyds TSB Group plc
1865
FoundedBanco de ChileFoundedPopular, Inc.
1893
1903
TechnologyThe Wright brothers achieve powered flight.
FoundedFifth Third Bancorp
1908
1914
EconomyWorld War I begins; global trade reorders.
FoundedAmalgamated Bank
1923
FoundedThe Connell Company
1926
1929
EconomyThe stock market crashes; the Great Depression spreads worldwide.
1939
EconomyWorld War II begins; wartime production surges.
1945
EconomyThe war ends; a long global expansion begins.
1947
TechnologyThe transistor is invented.
FoundedWalter Industries, Inc.
1955
FoundedCommerzbank A.G.
1958
TechnologyThe integrated circuit is demonstrated.
1962
EnvironmentSilent Spring launches the modern environmental movement.
FoundedThe Ryland Group, Inc.
1967
1971
EconomyThe dollar leaves the gold standard; currencies float.
1973
EconomyThe OPEC oil embargo triggers a global shock.
FoundedAdvanta Corporation
1974
1975
TechnologyThe personal-computer era begins.
1979
EconomyA second oil crisis drives inflation higher worldwide.
FoundedNVR Inc.
1980
1981
TechnologyThe IBM PC launches and sets a standard.
FoundedTemple-Inland Inc.
1983
FoundedProvidian Financial Corporation
1984
TechnologyApple ships the Macintosh; the GUI era begins.
FoundedToll Brothers Inc.
1986
1987
EconomyBlack Monday: markets fall sharply around the world.
FoundedTrendwest Resorts, Inc.
1989
HistoryThe Berlin Wall falls; global markets open up.
1991
TechnologyThe World Wide Web is released to the public.
1993
TechnologyThe Mosaic browser brings the web to everyone.
1995
TechnologyWindows 95 launches; the internet goes mainstream.
1997
EconomyThe Asian financial crisis rattles global markets.
EnvironmentThe Kyoto Protocol sets the first climate targets.
2000
EconomyThe dot-com bubble bursts.
2004
TechnologySocial media and Web 2.0 take hold.
2007
TechnologyThe iPhone launches the smartphone era.
2008
EconomyThe global financial crisis freezes credit worldwide.
2010
TechnologyCloud computing goes mainstream for business.
2015
EnvironmentThe Paris Agreement sets global climate targets.
2020
EconomyThe COVID-19 pandemic upends the global economy.
2022
EconomyInflation spikes; central banks raise rates sharply.
2023
TechnologyGenerative AI reaches mainstream business use.
§ 02

The companies

Emigrant Savings Bank →
Active · founded 1850
Paul Milstein, along with his sons Howard and Edward, filed an unsuccessful lawsuit in 2000 seeking to remove Philip…
Northern Rock plc →
Active · founded 1860 · England
Former building society Northern Rock plc is one of the United Kingdom's largest retail banks, and the largest…
Apple Bank for Savings →
Active · founded 1863
Under the new chief executive, William J.
Lloyds TSB Group plc →
Active · founded 1865 · United Kingdom
Lloyds TSB Group plc is one of the Big Four British clearing banks in the United Kingdom.
Banco de Chile →
Active · founded 1893 · Chile
Banco de Chile is the second largest private bank in Chile and the largest that remains under Chilean ownership.
Popular, Inc. →
Active · founded 1893
Popular, Inc.
Bank Leumi le-Israel B.M. →
Active · founded 1902 · Israel
Bank Leumi le-Israel B.M., Israel's second-largest bank, has its origins in the modern Zionist movement of the late…
Fifth Third Bancorp →
Active · founded 1908
Based in Cincinnati, Ohio, Fifth Third Bancorp is a holding company that operates 12 banking affiliates, managed…
Amalgamated Bank →
Active · founded 1923
Also in 1998, Amalgamated acquired an 81 percent stake in the First Trade Union Trust Company.
The Connell Company →
Active · founded 1926
Originally and perhaps best known as a major broker of rice, The Connell Company has grown to become one of the largest…
Walter Industries, Inc. →
Active · founded 1955
Walter Industries, Inc., is a holding company that owns home building, natural resources development, and industrial…
Commerzbank A.G. →
Active · founded 1958 · Germany
Commerzbank A.G.
The Ryland Group, Inc. →
Active · founded 1967
s: 23321 Single Family Housing Construction; 52231 Mortgage and Nonmortgage Loan Brokers A leading homebuilder in the…
Siebert Financial Corp. →
Active · founded 1969
Siebert Financial Corp.
Advanta Corporation →
Active · founded 1974
Advanta Corporation originates, services, and sells small business credit card and home equity loans.
NVR Inc. →
Active · founded 1980
NVR Inc., is one of the largest homebuilders in the United States, with operations in 11 states, primarily in the East,…
Temple-Inland Inc. →
Active · founded 1983
Temple-Inland Inc.
Providian Financial Corporation →
Active · founded 1984
Early 1990s:[fsps*2.5]First Deposit branches out into home-equity loans and secured credit cards.
Toll Brothers Inc. →
Active · founded 1986
Toll Brothers Inc.
Trendwest Resorts, Inc. →
Active · founded 1989
Trendwest Resorts, Inc.
Grupo Financiero Galicia S.A. →
Active · founded 2000 · Argentina
Grupo Financiero Galicia S.A.
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