COMPANYHISTORIES
NAIC 621493

Freestanding Ambulatory Surgical and Emergency Centers

How the companies in this industry began, and the forces that shaped them.

2companies1984–1997founding years1still active1no longer operating
§ 01

The industry over time

Companies foundedEconomyTechnologyEnvironmentHistory
FoundedHealthSouth Corporation
1984
TechnologyApple ships the Macintosh; the GUI era begins.
1989
HistoryThe Berlin Wall falls; global markets open up.
1991
TechnologyThe World Wide Web is released to the public.
1993
TechnologyThe Mosaic browser brings the web to everyone.
1995
TechnologyWindows 95 launches; the internet goes mainstream.
FoundedVanguard Health Systems Inc.
1997
EnvironmentThe Kyoto Protocol sets the first climate targets.
2004
TechnologySocial media and Web 2.0 take hold.
2007
TechnologyThe iPhone launches the smartphone era.
2010
TechnologyCloud computing goes mainstream for business.
2015
EnvironmentThe Paris Agreement sets global climate targets.
2020
EconomyThe COVID-19 pandemic upends the global economy.
2022
EconomyInflation spikes; central banks raise rates sharply.
2023
TechnologyGenerative AI reaches mainstream business use.
§ 02

The companies

HealthSouth Corporation →
Active · founded 1984
HealthSouth Corporation is the leading provider of medical rehabilitation health care and outpatient surgery services…
Vanguard Health Systems Inc. →
Defunct · founded 1997
Vanguard Health Systems Inc.
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